Java runs remote-controlled Mars rover

Java, the software developed by Sun Microsystems in the mid-1990s as a universal operating system for Internet applications, gave NASA a low-cost and easy-to-use option for running Spirit, the robotic rover that rolled onto the planet's surface on Thursday in search of signs of water and life.

For the next three months, NASA scientists and engineers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., will plot Spirit's wanderings with the Java-based Science Activity Planner that operates like a digital "Gran Turismo."

"It takes all the raw data in the mission database and builds a 3-D terrain you can spin around and zoom in," said Gene Chalfant, JPL technical staffer.

With the same point-and-click skills one would need for, say, online shopping, the NASA team will plan Spirit's daily activities, page through voluminous data and communicate.

"It's a sandbox, in a way, to try different ideas," Chalfant said. "You pick the rock you want to investigate and command the rover to move there, and the rover figures out the best way."

The team made virtually no changes to an online version of the program, dubbed Maestro, that lets space nuts page through panoramic color images, check out the rover's wheel-mounted hazard cameras or plan a rover mission just like real scientists.

The site has been so popular since its Jan. 2 launch that Sun had to provide extra bandwidth to keep NASA's servers up and running, Chalfant said.

The simulated rover drives on a 3-D model of the martian terrain as precise as the one used by the NASA mission.

"(Scientists) do exactly the same thing you can do," Chalfant said.

"A place...to have your mind blown"
Java's journey from mundane to extraterrestrial began nearly a decade ago when JPL scientists began noodling with the programming language to create a command and control system for the 1995 Mars Sojourner, said James Gosling, known as "the father of Java."

The JPL team showed Sun what they had done, and Gosling, a vice president and fellow at the Santa Clara, Calif.-based software and systems developer, was hooked.

"I'm a geek anyway, so it sucks me in," Gosling told Reuters. He spent so much time at the Pasadena space laboratory that he became an advisory board member.

"They are doing things that people think are science fiction," he said. "It's a place to go to have your mind blown. It's hard to find a government agency...where people are living their dreams."

Although Java's data-handling capabilities initially attracted NASA, the code's ability to transcend the many systems used by mission scientists and engineers sold the space agency, Gosling said.

"They can have scientists all over the world looking at the data but collaboratively deciding on the way the mission should proceed," Gosling said. "They are all speaking different languages when they talk to the rover, but everybody in the control room is using Java."

Separately, Alameda, Calif.-based Wind River Systems created the embedded software in Spirit and its twin, Opportunity, that manage a wide range of functions, including data collection and communications.

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